• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Actuator (1) for lifting a load, in particular in the theater and event industry or at sporting events, comprising a hydraulic cylinder (2) with a cylinder body (3), a sliding piston inside the cylinder body, and a pressure accumulator (5) arranged to deliver a controllable hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder (2) to actuate the piston inside the cylinder body (3). The actuator comprises a screw mechanism with a screw and a nut arranged to cooperate with the piston and thereby control the position of the piston inside the cylinder body (3). The screw mechanism has a static non-self-locking construction which comprises a roller or ball screw. The actuator (1) comprises an electric motor (8) or hydraulic motor both for driving the screw and the piston cooperating with the screw when lifting the load and for fixing the position of the screw and the piston cooperating with the screw in the event of a failure of the hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator ( 5) during lifting of the load (Figure 1)
    公开号:SE1200623A1
    申请号:SE1200623
    申请日:2012-10-12
    公开日:2014-04-13
    发明作者:Ingemar Carlsson
    申请人:Novoscen Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 35 In connection with, for example, theater and opera performances, music performances, sporting events, trade fairs and other events, there is a special need for powerful and efficient actuators to be able to lift and / or position scenes, stands, scenery and other heavy devices in an audience-friendly, secure and predetermined way.
    When it comes to theater stages, for example, these have a very high weight (approx. 5-200 tons) and must be able to be lifted and / or positioned with millimeter precision and high dynamics, with movement speeds from a few millimeters per minute to a few meters per second. In addition, high safety is required, for example that a scene should automatically remain in its position or must be able to be braked to a standstill in the event of a sudden power failure. Theaters are often located in old city centers and in culturally important buildings. This generally means that there is only limited space and limited access to electrical power.
    The structural strength and rigidity of the buildings can also give rise to limitations for the actuators that can be used. In the case of theaters, high demands are placed on actuators and other machinery to operate essentially silently. The poor availability of installation space and the requirement for quiet operation of the theater equipment make it difficult in many cases to satisfactorily provide adequate cooling of the actuators, as these with current technology have a relatively poor efficiency and therefore require large and noisy fans and bulky pipes for cooling air.
    The actuators available today thus have a great need for power, cooling and space, can not work silently enough for certain applications, and also have in many cases a relatively poor precision and low dynamics. Many of the existing actuators can also be experienced as having less good safety in the event of a power failure and / or loss of hydraulic pressure. In other words, there is a need for an improved, specially developed actuator for use in connection with theater and opera performances, music performances, sports events, trade fairs and other events.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the invention is therefore to provide a very powerful actuator which operates with very low friction, high efficiency, low power demand and low cooling demand, which enables a compact installation of the actuator and a quiet operation thereof, whereby the actuator in addition, it offers high safety in the event of a power failure or hydraulic failure during the lifting of a load.
    This first object is achieved with an actuator for lifting a load according to claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises a hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder body and a piston which is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body, said actuator further comprising a pressure accumulator which is arranged to supplying a controllable hydraulic pressure to said hydraulic cylinder for actuating the piston inside said cylinder body, said actuator further comprising a screw mechanism with a screw and a nut arranged to cooperate with said piston and thereby checking the position of the piston inside said cylinder body , and wherein the screw mechanism has a static non-self-braking construction comprising a roller or ball screw, the actuator comprising an electric motor or hydraulic motor which is arranged both for driving the screw and the piston cooperating with the screw in lifting said load and for position fixation of the screw and the piston cooperating with the screw in the event of a failure of said hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator during lifting of said load.
    The non-self-braking mechanism with a roller or ball screw which helps to control the displacement position of the piston inside the hydraulic cylinder gives the actuator 1 according to the invention considerably lower friction and power requirements and thus less heat generation than would be the case with a self-braking screw mechanism. The lower power requirement enables the drive units driving the actuator according to the invention to be dimensioned smaller, which reduces the required installation space. The reduced heat generation reduces the need to cool the actuator when it works and thus enables quieter operation, as the need for large and noisy fans decreases. The reduced cooling requirement reduces the required installation space, as the cooling fans and pipes for cooling air can be given smaller dimensions. The reduced installation space and the quieter operation make the actuator according to the invention particularly suitable for installation and use in cramped spaces in buildings with poor sound insulation, for example in older theaters.
    A second object of the invention is to provide an actuator which has high controllability and dynamics of movement in connection with lifting a load. This second object is achieved with an actuator according to claim 1, wherein the screw mechanism comprises a clearance screw.
    The low friction of the non-self-locking mechanism with a roller or ball screw in the actuator according to the invention enables a very fast control of the displacement position of the piston inside the cylinder body and because the screw is also of a so-called play-free type it is possible to use a high regulator reinforcement. provides high controllability and movement dynamics. Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, a number of embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; a schematic front view of the actuator according to the preferred embodiment, arranged horizontally and with the pressure accumulator removed, figure 3 shows a schematic side view of the actuator according to the preferred embodiment, arranged horizontally and with the pressure accumulator removed, figure 4 shows a schematic sectional view of the actuator the preferred embodiment, along the line AA in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 shows a schematic sectional view of the actuator according to the preferred embodiment, along the line BB in Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 shows a detail view F cut out from Fig. 4 and illustrates how the screw mechanism is connected to its drive motor.
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Figures 1-5 schematically illustrate an actuator 1 for lifting a load according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The following description will be made with simultaneous reference to the various views of the actuator shown in Figures 1-5, respectively.
    The actuator 1 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 2 with a cylinder body 3 and a piston 4 which is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body. The actuator further comprises a pressure accumulator 5 which is arranged to supply a controllable hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 2 for actuating the piston 4 inside the cylinder body 3. The pressure inside the pressure accumulator 5 can be built up to a level which balances the load being lifted, which relieves the hydraulic feed system and can offer higher safety.
    The actuator further comprises a screw mechanism with a screw 6 and a nut 7 which are arranged to cooperate with the piston 4 and thereby control the position of the piston inside the cylinder body 3. The screw mechanism 6, 7 of the actuator 1 according to the invention has a static non-self-braking construction which includes a roller or ball screw.
    The non-self-locking screw mechanism with a roller or ball screw gives the actuator 1 according to the invention considerably lower friction and power requirements and thus less heat generation than would be the case with a self-locking screw mechanism. The lower power requirement enables the drive units that drive the actuator according to the invention to be dimensioned smaller, which reduces the required installation space. The reduced heat generation reduces the need to cool the actuator when it works and thus enables a quieter operation, as the need for large and noisy fans is reduced. The reduced cooling demand also reduces the required installation space, as the cooling fans and pipes for cooling air can be given smaller dimensions.
    The reduced installation space and the quieter operation make the actuator according to the invention particularly suitable for installation and use in cramped spaces in buildings with poor sound insulation, for example in older theaters.
    The actuator 1 according to the invention further comprises an electric motor 8 or hydraulic motor which is arranged both for driving the screw 6 and the piston 4 cooperating with the screw when lifting the load and for fixing the position of the screw 6 and the piston 4 cooperating with the screw in case of a drop in the hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator 5 during lifting of the load. The electric motor 8 or the hydraulic motor is thus used for driving the screw 6 and the cooperating piston 4 when lifting the load, which enables positioning of the load with very high precision by the motor 8 driving the screw 6 and the co-operating one therewith. the piston 4, which in turn via one or more coupling elements 9 acts on the load (not shown in the figures) which is to be lifted and / or positioned. The coupling element may, for example, consist of a piston rod which at its free, movable end is provided with a suitable coupling member for coupling with the load, e.g. Thus, in the preferred embodiment of the actuator 1 shown in the figures, the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator 5 can be used to carry, via the piston 4 and the lifting loop 9, at least the bulk of the weight of the actuator. the load that is being lifted and / or positioned, while the mechanical force from the screw mechanism 6, 7 can be used to fine-tune the displacement position of the lifting eye 9 relative to the cylinder body 3. The low friction of the non-self-braking screw mechanism 6, 7 enables a faster and more energy-efficient control of the displacement position of the lifting eye 9 in relation to the stationary mounted actuator 1 compared with what would be the case when using an actuator with a self-braking screw mechanism. In order to achieve increased safety when using the actuator 1, the pressure in the pressure accumulator 5 can be adjusted so that the hydraulic force acting on the lifting eye 9 via the piston 4 carries the entire load being lifted, while the mechanical force from the drive motor 8 is only used when adjusting the displacement position of the lifting eye 9 in relation to the hydraulic cylinder 2. Such an operating setting provides a built-in safety in the event of an electrical or hydraulic failure in the drive motor 8 drive system, since the existing pressure in the pressure accumulator 5 acting on the piston 4 will to keep the lifting eye 9 and thus the load in the position they have when the electrical or hydraulic failure occurs. Because the electric motor 8 or the hydraulic motor is also arranged for position fixation of the screw 6 and the piston 4 cooperating with the screw in the event of a loss of the hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator 5, even better safety is achieved, since the drive motor 8 can have a own, separate drive system from the pressure accumulator and can continue to drive the screw 6 and keep the piston 4 cooperating with the screw and the lifting eye 9 cooperating with it in the position which was present at the disappearance of the hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator 5.
    The screw mechanism of the actuator 1 according to the invention preferably comprises a so-called play-free screw 6, since a limited play of the screw enables the use of a high regular gain in the actuator control system, which gives high controllability and dynamics of movement during lifting and / or the positioning of a load. Embodiments of the invention are also conceivable in which the screw mechanism comprises a so-called prestressed screw.
    In the actuator according to the invention, the non-self-locking screw mechanism preferably comprises a roller screw 6, as this type of screw has very low friction. The non-self-locking screw mechanism particularly advantageously comprises a planetary roller screw, which provides even lower friction.
    The hydraulic cylinder 2 of the actuator according to the invention is preferably dimensioned for gravitational force relief of the load before, during and / or after the lifting. This makes it possible to use the drive motor 8 for a very fast fine adjustment of the displacement position of the piston 4 in the hydraulic cylinder 2 in order to obtain a fast and precise lifting and / or positioning of the load which is connected to the actuator lifting / towing eye 9. The hydraulic cylinder piston 4 can be of a one-way type.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the actuator 1 comprises a constant pressure pump (not shown in the figures) which is arranged to supply hydraulic fluid to the pressure accumulator 5 and thereby contribute to the controllable hydraulic pressure.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the actuator 1 according to the invention comprises a spring-loaded brake (not shown in the figures) which is arranged to act on the screw mechanism 6, 7 for position-fixing the same in the event of a simultaneous failure of the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator 5 and electric motor 8 or hydraulic motor electric supply or hydraulic supply. This embodiment provides even better safety in the event of a total loss of both power supply and hydraulic supply, as the spring-loaded brake is applied automatically and locks the load that is being lifted in the position it is in when the accident occurs.
    The spring-loaded brake can be of any type that is suitable for the purpose and dimensioned for the loads to be braked.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the actuator 1 is constructed and designed so that it can be placed horizontally, the actuator 1 comprising at least one coupling element 9 which communicates with the piston 4 inside the cylinder body 3, the coupling element 9 being designed to be connected to a load to be lifted via a system with chains, ropes, wires, hoists and / or blocks. The actuator according to this embodiment is particularly well suited for use in premises with limited installation space, for example theaters in older buildings.
    The actuator 1 according to the invention is preferably dimensioned for lifting loads with a weight in the range 5-200 tons, the actuator 1 being provided with coupling elements 9, 10, 11 which are dimensioned for lifting loads with such a weight. Such a dimensioning ensures that the actuator 1 can be used in most of the applications that may be relevant in the theater, music and event industry or in sports events.
    The actuator 1 according to the invention is preferably provided with coupling elements 9, 10, 11 which are designed to be able to effect a connection between a supporting structure and the actuator, and between the actuator and a theater stage, a theater elevator, an orchestra stage, an audience or another unit. for use in the theater, music and event industry or in sports events.
    In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the actuator 1 is provided with coupling elements which are designed to be able to provide a connection between a supporting structure and the actuator, and between the actuator and an openable bridge flap of an openable bridge or between the actuator and a stabilizer. platform on board a ship.
    In the above, a number of embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments and details of the figures are to be considered as examples only and that many other embodiments of the invention are possible within the scope of the appended claims.
    In addition to what has appeared in the description, the actuator according to the invention of course also includes other necessary components, such as fixing devices for mounting the actuator in place in an installation, electrical connectors, hydraulic connections, control systems, etc. A person skilled in the art can easily obtain such necessary components from one of the major suppliers of hydraulic systems. As for the hydraulic system of the actuator 1 according to the invention, it has, as shown in Fig. 1, an integrated hydraulic tank 12 for automatic filling of hydraulic fluid to the pressure accumulator when this becomes necessary.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    An actuator (1) for lifting a load, the actuator comprising a hydraulic cylinder (2) with a cylinder body (3) and a piston (4) slidably arranged inside the cylinder body, said actuator further comprising a pressure accumulator (5) arranged to supply a controllable hydraulic pressure to said hydraulic cylinder (2) for actuating the piston (4) inside said cylinder body (3), and wherein said actuator further comprises a screw mechanism with a screw (6) and a nut (7) which are arranged to co-operate with said piston (4) and thereby control the position of the piston inside said cylinder body (3), characterized in that the screw mechanism (6, 7) has a static non-self-braking construction which comprises a roller or ball screw, the actuator (1) comprising an electric motor (8) or hydraulic motor which is arranged both for driving the screw (6) and the piston (4) cooperating with the screw when lifting said load and for fixing the position of the screw n (6) and the piston (4) cooperating with the screw in the event of a loss of said hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator (5) during lifting of said load.
    [2]
    Actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized (6). a that the screw mechanism comprises a clearance screw
    [3]
    Actuator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized (6) - in that the screw mechanism comprises a prestressed screw
    [4]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw mechanism comprises a roller screw (6).
    [5]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw mechanism comprises a planetary roller screw.
    [6]
    Actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (2) is dimensioned for gravitational force relief of said load before, during and / or after said lifting. 10 15 20 25 30 35 10
    [7]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (4) of the hydraulic cylinder is of a unidirectional type.
    [8]
    Actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) comprises a constant pressure pump which is arranged to supply hydraulic fluid to said pressure accumulator (5) and thereby contribute to said controllable hydraulic pressure.
    [9]
    Actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged to act on said screw mechanism (6, 7) for position-fixing in that the actuator (1) comprises a spring-mounted brake ring thereof in the event of a simultaneous failure. of said hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator (5) and the electric supply or hydraulic supply of said electric motor (8) or hydraulic motor.
    [10]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) is designed and formed so that it can be placed horizontally, and in that the actuator (1) comprises at least one coupling element (9) which is in connection to said piston (4) inside the cylinder body (3), said coupling element (9) being designed to be able to be connected to a load to be lifted via a system of chains, ropes, wires, hoists and / or blocks .
    [11]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) is dimensioned for lifting loads with a weight in the range 5-200 tonnes, and in that the actuator (1) is provided with coupling elements (9, 10, 11) which are dimensioned for the lifting of loads with such a weight.
    [12]
    Actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) is provided with coupling elements (9, 10, 11) which are designed to be able to provide a connection between a supporting structure and the actuator, and between the actuator and a theater stage, a theater elevator, an orchestra stage, a grandstand or other unit 10 11 for use in the theater, music and event industry or in sports events.
    [13]
    Actuator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (1) is provided with coupling elements which are designed to be able to provide a connection between a supporting structure and the actuator, and between the actuator and an openable bridge flap of a openable bridge or between the actuator and a stabilized platform on board a ship.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2014058370A1|2014-04-17|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4838103A|1986-07-03|1989-06-13|Weyer Paul P|Fluid-power device with rollers|
    DE4127487C3|1991-08-20|1997-11-13|Harmonic Drive Antriebstechnik|Actuator|
    DK4094A|1994-01-10|1995-07-11|Linak As|Linear actuator|
    US6272947B1|1999-12-21|2001-08-14|Durrell U. Howard|Steering shaft centering assembly|
    FR2821393B1|2001-02-26|2005-10-28|Eca|COMPENSATED ACTUATOR WITH OPTIMIZED POWER|
    DE102007027698B4|2007-06-15|2011-06-22|Airbus Operations GmbH, 21129|Dual Linear Actuator|
    JP5024877B2|2007-11-05|2012-09-12|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Fatigue test linear actuator|US20160025199A1|2014-07-25|2016-01-28|Triumph Actuation Systems - Connecticut, LLC, d/b/a Triumph Aerospace Systems - Seattle|Ball screw actuator with internal locking|
    CN110987399B|2019-12-19|2021-11-23|武汉天拓宇航智能装备有限公司|Gas rudder testing device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
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    EP13845760.1A| EP2906834B1|2012-10-12|2013-10-09|Actuator|
    PCT/SE2013/000154| WO2014058370A1|2012-10-12|2013-10-09|Actuator|
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